Many believe that most soils require great periods of time to form. This argument has been used in an attempt to refute the Bible’s claims for a global flood only a few thousand years ago. In addition to arguments based on formation of extant soils, many geologists or paleopedologists see evidence of multiple fossil soil horizons or paleosols in the geologic record. Few, if any, of these researchers have examined carefully the assumptions behind their arguments. As described in Part I of this paper, pedogenesis is a complex phenomenon affected by several environmental factors. In Part II of this paper, we describe predictions of traditional and diluvial approaches to natural history and compare these predictions with constraints resulting from analysis of soil-forming mechanism rates. The results indicate that data from soil science are not only compatible with a diluvial view of earth history, but are actually more easily accommodated by it than by the traditional view.