Recent human history represents a novel arena in which to comparatively test evolution and young-earth creation (YEC) against each other. Though both models generally accept the same sequence of events, they differ in their predictions on the relative timing of these events. One such sequence of events is the post-Columbian population collapse and recovery in Amerindian populations. I show that, when Y chromosome-based reconstructions of changes in population size are performed under the parameters of the YEC model, these reconstructions capture known post-Columbian history. This successful confirmation of the most recent, known 500 years of history permits the revisiting of the mainstream account of pre-Columbian history. Specifically, I show that modern Amerindian Y chromosome lineages descend from a group of Central Asian migrants who arrived in the Americas in the A.D. era. In combination with Amerindian archaeological history that extends into the early B.C. era, these data implied that at least one major population replacement occurred in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans. Comparison of these Y chromosome-based results with a previously discredited Amerindian origins and migration account suggests that the Amerindian account may, in fact, be authentic and that the Amerindians may have recorded the population replacement event before Y chromosome sequencing uncovered it.