Paleofloras from mid and high latitudes indicate a warm, equable climate for the "mesozioc" and "early Tertiary." Especially interesting are the warm-climate "forests" and subtropical fauna found on Axel Heiberg and Ellesmere Islands near 80 deg. N. latitude. Computer simulations indicate the Cretaceous and early Tertiary climate would be quite cold in winter at high latitudes and at mid latituudes within continental interiors. Several possible explanations for this unifomitarian paradox are reviewed and shown to be inadequate. This presents another contradiction to the uniformitarian paradigm in which it has been suggested that there was a temperate and long lasting "Tertiary" period.