The history of the mutation theory as the foundation of the source of new genetic information is reviewed. The importance of mutations as the source of genetic change for evolution was thought to be so great that the 1946 Nobel Prize was presented to H. J. Muller for this discovery. Although still regarded as the bedrock of evolution, the experimental evidence has documented that significant genetic degeneration is caused by radiation. It is, consequently, not a significant source of the new variety that is critical to provide the variation necessary for Darwinian evolution to function. Falsifying the conclusion that mutations produce new genetic variety falsifies the core of evolution theory (Sniegowske, et al. 2000).