A method for studying the proteins of various turtles is given, based essentially on production of antiserums by injection of turtle blood into rabbits or chickens. When mixed with serial dilutions of serum from various species of urtles, varying degrees of turbidity or precipitation are obtained. These results are shown to have a definite taxonomic value and do not support the present widely-held position that snapping turtles belong to a separate family related to the Kinosternidae, but rather are in the Emydid family group. A method of comparing DNA of various species by studying the amount of pairing of DNA strands in agar in relation to a standard “reference” DNA is described. Since DNA consists of an “alphabet” of only four letters, until we can learn to read the "words” made by sequences of any three of them, it would seem that more progress in unraveling molecular taxonomy can be made by studying proteins, built from an "alphabet" of twenty letters or amino-acids. Rather than use evolutionary presuppositions, this research proceeds from the working assumption that the world of life is to be viewed as having arisen from certain stem organisms or "kinds" which in most cases need to be elucidated.