The ten 'best-preserved' specimens of Australopithecine skulls were considered in this present study, which is a survey of the rise and fall in their measured/estimated cranial capacities. The discovery of 'pre-Zinj' in 1960 probably triggered the change in trend that is detectable in the literature only after that date. Discrepancies resulting from the basis of the same ten best specimens affect both the 'gracile' and 'robust' forms of Australopithecus africanus whose skulls probably demonstrate sexual dimorphism. Whilst inadvertently establishing the gender of the Taung child by a mathematical method, the same method suggests that the specimen (Sts. 5) fits the plot of 'robust' results better than that of 'gracile.' The revised cranial measurements might well imply the following: (1) Evolutionary morphometric studies are so variable as to be unreliable even when based upon the same fossil material. (2) The revised cranial capacities for australopithecines now lie well within the range of the great apes and so no more warrant the title of 'Near-men.' (3) If sexual dimorphism explains the presence/absence of the sagittal crest used to identify the 'robust' form as belonging to robustus/boisei species and the 'gracile' form as africanus, then any phylogeny which separates the latter from the former is invalid as it violates the 'facts of life' as well as one definition for the term species. (4) Discrepant results for cranial capacities such as those for Australopithecus africanus could well explain why phylogenies have recently sought to be established upon molecular studies instead of upon fossil specimens.