The primary means by which evolution is believed to occur are mutations, independent assortment of genes, gene shuffling and natural selection. Mutations are non-directed DNA changes that can be expressed in the offspring’s phenotype and passed on to the organism’s progeny. Unrepaired mutational genetic changes are relatively rare, however, occurring only about once per billion DNA bases. For natural selection to operate, there would need to be biological variants from which to select, and these differences must ultimately be provided only by mutations in the macroevolutionary scenario. A review of many types of mutations, however, indicates that they cannot provide the raw material necessary for natural selection for various reasons. Consequently, evolutionary naturalism still lacks a mechanism to produce new information and biological novelty.